The diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM‑5) and the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11), are as follows:
A. A predominant complaint of dissatisfaction with sleep quantity or quality, associated with one or more of the following symptoms:
1. Difficulty falling asleep
2. Difficulty maintaining sleep, characterized by frequent awakenings or problems returning to sleep after awakenings
3. Early morning awakening with inability to return to sleep
B. The sleep disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, educational, or other important areas of functioning.
C. The sleep difficulty occurs at least several nights per week.
D. The sleep difficulty has been present for at least 3 months.
E. The sleep difficulty occurs despite adequate opportunity to sleep.
F. The insomnia is not better explained by and does not occur exclusively during the course of another sleep-wake disorder.
G. The insomnia is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug or medication).
H. Coexisting mental and physical disorders do not adequately explain the insomnia.